Hack Router Port 53 Udp
It just so happens that port 53 works. Some of the time, at least. It was just enough of a pipe to let me do things like git sync operations. Trying to look at web pages was asking too much of this laggy, lossy connection. It was shades of my 4800 bps cellular modem hack, only far worse.
It seems like ancient history now, but in the early decades of the Internet we had huge problem: Our email servers were too friendly.
In a nutshell, most email servers allowed anyone to connect to them and send email to anyone else. You didn't have to be a user of that email server, though sometimes you had to at least fake being a user.
An attacker could connect using the email server's email SMTP receiving port (TCP port 25) and send commands (using telnet, a script, or another program) that mimicked the internal commands used by all SMTP servers to exchange email. A hacker could forge an email, claim to be from someone legitimately hosted by the email server, and send any email to anyone else on the planet.
Spammers would look for these 'open relay' servers and send hundreds of millions of spam emails throughout the world. It took the world -- and email server vendors -- about two decades to require that all originating emails actually originate from verified, authenticated users.
Yet after all these years, a similar open relay problem persists with another foundational Internet technology: DNS. Attackers routinely use weak or misconfigured DNS servers to send back invalid IP addresses to querying clients -- or to send massive amounts of bogus traffic in DDoS attacks.
Exploiting DNS to launch DDoS attacks
DDoS and other attackers have been exploiting DNS for ages, but in the last few years, hackers have upped the ante.
These days the most massive DDoS attacks are often accomplished using DNS 'amplification' techniques. To explore some great background info about how this works, check out US-CERT, the Internet Systems Consortium, and CloudFlare.
At last, DNS server vendors and protocol makers are responding in a manner similar to the SMTP email vendors of yesteryear by implementing more protections. These include better defaults and new defenses. Unfortunately, DNS servers -- though they may seem to be working fine -- are easily neglected and left vulnerable without anyone except attackers being the wiser.
Disabling open relay DNS servers
One of the best things any company can do is to limit to what and to whom their DNS server will respond. For internal DNS servers, make sure the only queries that your DNS responds to come from internal computers and other authorized DNS servers.
Even your external, public-facing DNS servers should not respond to every request. If your DNS server is hosting *.example.com addresses, no one should ever ask it for a domain address outside that domain. If your DNS server will respond to all queries from whomever, especially for any domain, then you have an open relay DNS server, and that ain't good.
To ensure your DNS server isn't an open relay and is locked down as tight as it can be for legitimate operations, type in its IP address at any DNS open relay check service, including these:
How To Open Udp Port
DNS response rate limiting
One of the best defenses against allowing your DNS server be used in a DDoS attack is to implement response rate limiting (RRL). RRL is primarily for authoritative DNS servers (those that are supposed to respond for one or more domains) and allows the DNS admin to set effective rate limits on DNS response traffic. Although not enabled by default (it should be!), RRL is available in BIND 9.9 (and later) and is a part of Microsoft's forthcoming Windows Server 2016 DNS services.
If your DNS server does not yet support RRL, you can try to accomplish the same effect using alternate methods, such as using firewall rate filters or enabling other anti-DDoS services to complement your DNS.
Disabling upward referral responses
Open Udp Port 53
For most of DNS's history, when a nonrecursive authoritative DNS server got a query for a domain name it was not authoritative for, the DNS server would respond by redirecting the querying client to the top-level domain DNS servers (often listed by name and IP address in a file hosting 'root hints'). It was the polite thing to do. 'Hey, I don't know the answer, but start your search here and you'll find the answer.'
Well, it only takes one abuser to ruin the fun for everyone, and DNS amplification attacks have simply made it poor practice to serve up the root hints. BIND has long recommended disabling upward referrals. Microsoft plans to make disabling upward referrals a default in Windows Server 2016, and you can disable it in previous versions of Windows server by deleting the root hints file (c:windowssystem32DNScache.dns).
Check for all DNS services
Run a scan for computers and devices accepting connections to TCP or UDP port 53 to find and securely configure all computers and devices running DNS services. Oftentimes you'll find appliances and network devices (such as wireless routers) running unexpected DNS servers.
Don't leave the door open
The DNS protocol is doing remarkable well for something invented in 1983. It gets abused and updated, but overall it is still the main plumbing that keeps the Internet humming along. But we can't get complacent with the security of anything we maintain, including DNS.
Don't let your DNS servers mimic yesteryear's open relay email servers. We can't take another decade to fix what needs to be fixed now.
Data packets travel to and from numbered network ports associated with particular IP addresses and endpoints, using the TCP or UDP transport layer protocols. All ports are potentially at risk of attack. No port is natively secure.
“Each port and underlying service has its risks. The risk comes from the version of the service, whether someone has configured it correctly, and, if there are passwords for the service, whether these are strong? There are many more factors that determine whether a port or service is safe,” explains Kurt Muhl, lead security consultant at RedTeam Security. Other factors include whether the port is simply one that attackers have selected to slip their attacks and malware through and whether you leave the port open.
CSO examines risky network ports based on related applications, vulnerabilities, and attacks, providing approaches to protect the enterprise from malicious hackers who misuse these openings.
What makes these ports risky?
There is a total of 65,535 TCP ports and another 65,535 UDP ports; we’ll look at some of the diciest ones. TCP port 21 connects FTP servers to the internet. FTP servers carry numerous vulnerabilities such as anonymous authentication capabilities, directory traversals, and cross-site scripting, making port 21 an ideal target.
While some vulnerable services have continuing utility, legacy services such as Telnet on TCP port 23 were fundamentally unsafe from the start. Though its bandwidth is tiny at a few bytes at a time, Telnet sends data completely unmasked in clear text. “Attackers can listen in, watch for credentials, inject commands via [man-in-the-middle] attacks, and ultimately perform Remote Code Executions (RCE),” says Austin Norby, computer scientist at the U.S. Department of Defense (comments are his own and don’t represent the views of any employer).
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